{"taxon_concept":{"id":4645,"parent_id":1001,"full_name":"Caracal caracal","author_year":"(Schreber, 1776)","standard_references":[{"id":61118,"taxon_concept_id":4645,"original_taxon_concept_id":473,"excluded_taxon_concepts_ids":[],"reference_id":18134,"is_standard":true,"citation":"Kitchener, A.C., Breitenmoser-Würsten, C.H., Eizirik, E., Gentry, A., Werdelin, L., Wilting, A., Yamaguchi, N., Abramov, A.V., Christiansen, P., Driscoll, C., Duckworth, W., Johnson, W., Luo, S.J., Meijaard, E., O'Donoghue, P., Sanderson, J., Seymour, K., Bruford, M., Groves, C. and Tobe, S. 2017. A revised taxonomy of the Felidae: The final report of the Cat Classification Task Force of the IUCN/SSC Cat Specialist Group. <i>Cat News</i> Special Issue 11, 80 pp."}],"common_names":[{"lang":"Arabic","names":"Washeq, Anaq al ardh","convention_language":false,"id":null},{"lang":"Bulgarian","names":"Азиатски каракал","convention_language":false,"id":null},{"lang":"Chinese","names":"狞猫","convention_language":false,"id":null},{"lang":"Croatian","names":"Azijski karakal","convention_language":false,"id":null},{"lang":"Czech","names":"karakal","convention_language":false,"id":null},{"lang":"Danish","names":"Karakal eller ørkenlos","convention_language":false,"id":null},{"lang":"Dutch","names":"Aziatische caracal, Afrikaanse caracal","convention_language":false,"id":null},{"lang":"English","names":"Desert Lynx, African Caracal, Caracal, Asian Caracal","convention_language":true,"id":null},{"lang":"Estonian","names":"Karakal","convention_language":false,"id":null},{"lang":"Finnish","names":"Bengalinkissa, karakali","convention_language":false,"id":null},{"lang":"French","names":"Lynx du désert, Caracal","convention_language":true,"id":null},{"lang":"German","names":"Karakal, Wüstenluchs","convention_language":false,"id":null},{"lang":"Hungarian","names":"Sivatagi macska (karakál)","convention_language":false,"id":null},{"lang":"Irish (Gaeilge)","names":"Lincse chluasdubh na hÁise","convention_language":false,"id":null},{"lang":"Italian","names":"Lince del deserto, Caracal, Lince africana","convention_language":false,"id":null},{"lang":"Latvian","names":"Karakals","convention_language":false,"id":null},{"lang":"Lithuanian","names":"Karakalas","convention_language":false,"id":null},{"lang":"Maltese","names":"Karakall tal-Asja","convention_language":false,"id":null},{"lang":"Modern Greek","names":"Καρακάλ","convention_language":false,"id":null},{"lang":"Polish","names":"ryś stepowy, Karakal","convention_language":false,"id":null},{"lang":"Portuguese","names":"Caracal","convention_language":false,"id":null},{"lang":"Romanian","names":"Caracal","convention_language":false,"id":null},{"lang":"Slovak","names":"karakal","convention_language":false,"id":null},{"lang":"Slovenian","names":"karakal, puščavski ris","convention_language":false,"id":null},{"lang":"Spanish","names":"Lince caracal, Caracal, Lince africano","convention_language":true,"id":null},{"lang":"Swedish","names":"karakal, ökenlo","convention_language":false,"id":null}],"distributions":[{"name":"Afghanistan","country":"Afghanistan","tags_list":"","country_references":"Anon. 1981. 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South African National Biodiversity Institute and Endangered Wildlife Trust, South Africa.; Bronner, G. N., Hoffmann, M., Taylor, P. J. , Chimimba, C. T., Best, P. B., Matthee, C. A. and Robinson, T. J. 2003. A revised systematic checklist of the extant mammals of the southern African subregion. Durban Museum Novitates: 28: 56-106","id":null,"tag_list":[]},{"name":"Ethiopia","country":"Ethiopia","tags_list":"","country_references":"Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (Eds.). 2005. <i>Mammal species of the world, a taxonomic and geographic reference</i>. 3rd Edition, The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland. 2, 142pp.","id":null,"tag_list":[]},{"name":"Gabon","country":"Gabon","tags_list":"","country_references":"Malbrant, R. & Maclatchy, A. 1949. Faune de l'equateur Africain Français. Vol. 2, mammifères. Encyclopédie Biologique 36. Lechevalier. Paris.","id":null,"tag_list":[]},{"name":"Gambia","country":"Gambia","tags_list":"","country_references":"Grubb, P., Jones, T. 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Jordanian mammals acquired by the Jordan university natural history museum. Publications of the University of Jordan. 1-32.; Amr, Z. S. 2000. Jordan Country Study on Biological Diversity: Mammals of Jordan. United Nations Environment Program.; Amr, Z. S. 2003. Animal biodiversity in Jordan. http://amon.nic.gov.jo/biodiversity/index.htm .; Bunaian, F., Hatough, A., Ababaneh, D., Mashaqbeh, S., Yousef, M. and Amr, Z. 2001. The carnivores of the northeastern Badia, Jordan. Turkish Journal of Zoology: 25: 19-25.; Harrison, D. L. 1968. The mammals of Arabia, Vol. II, Carnivora, Artiodactyla and Hyracoidea. Benn. London.; Harrison, D. L. and Bates, B. J. J. 1991. The mammals of Arabia. 2nd edition. Harrison Zoological Museum Publication. Sevenoaks.; Qumsiyeh, M.B. 1996. Mammals of the Holy Land. Texas Tech University Press.; Qumsiyeh, M. B., Amr, Z.S., and Shafee D. 1993. Status and conservation of carnivores in Jordan. Mammalia: 57: 55-62.; Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature. 1995. Dana nature reserve ecological baseline surveys.; Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature. 2008. Rapid assessment survey at jabal masuda protected area.; The Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature. 2009. Ecological rapid assessment surveys at fifa protected area.; Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (Eds.). 2005. <i>Mammal species of the world, a taxonomic and geographic reference</i>. 3rd Edition, The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland. 2, 142pp.","id":null,"tag_list":[]},{"name":"Kazakhstan","country":"Kazakhstan","tags_list":"","country_references":"Wilson, D.E. and Reeder, D.M. (Eds.). 2005. <i>Mammal species of the world, a taxonomic and geographic reference</i>. 3rd Edition, The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland. 2, 142pp.","id":null,"tag_list":[]},{"name":"Kenya","country":"Kenya","tags_list":"","country_references":"Davies, G. and Vanden Berghe, E. 1994. 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Jordanian mammals acquired by the Jordan university natural history museum. Publications of the University of Jordan. 1-32.; Amr, Z. S. 2000. Jordan Country Study on Biological Diversity: Mammals of Jordan. United Nations Environment Program.; Amr, Z. S. 2003. Animal biodiversity in Jordan. http://amon.nic.gov.jo/biodiversity/index.htm .; Bunaian, F., Hatough, A., Ababaneh, D., Mashaqbeh, S., Yousef, M. and Amr, Z. 2001. The carnivores of the northeastern Badia, Jordan. Turkish Journal of Zoology: 25: 19-25.; Harrison, D. L. 1968. The mammals of Arabia, Vol. II, Carnivora, Artiodactyla and Hyracoidea. Benn. London.; Harrison, D. L. and Bates, B. J. J. 1991. The mammals of Arabia. 2nd edition. Harrison Zoological Museum Publication. Sevenoaks.; Qumsiyeh, M.B. 1996. Mammals of the Holy Land. Texas Tech University Press.; Qumsiyeh, M. B., Amr, Z.S., and Shafee D. 1993. Status and conservation of carnivores in Jordan. 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